Age of Child | What You Might Observe |
Infancy (Birth - 2 Years) | * Emergence of reflexes * Rapid growth and change in proportions of body parts * Increasing ability to move around, first squirming; then rolling, crawling, creeping, or scooting; finally by walking. * Increasing ability to coordinate small muscles of hands and eyes * Increasing self-help skills in such areas as feeding, dressing, washing, toileting, and grooming. |
Early Childhood (2 - 6 Years) | * Loss of rounded, babyish appearance, with arms and legs lengthening and taking on more mature proportions. * Boundless physical energy for new gross motor skills, such as running, hopping, tumbling, climbing, and swinging. *Acquisition of fine motor skills, such as functional pencil grip and use of scissors. * Transition away from afternoon nap, which may initially be marked by periods of fussiness in the afternoon. |
Middle Childhood (6 - 10 Years) | * Steady gain in height and weight * Loss and replacement of primary teeth * Refinement and consolidation of gross motor skills and integration of such skills into structured play activities. * Participation in organized sports * Increasing fluency in fine motor skills, such as handwriting and drawing |
Early Adolescence (10 - 14 Years) | * Periods of rapid growth * Beginnings of puberty * Self-consciosness about physical changes * Some risk-taking behavior |
Late Adolescence (14 - 18 Years) | * In girls, completion o growth spurts and attainment of mature height * In boys, ongoing increases in stature * Ravenous appetites * Increasing sexual activity * Some serious risky behavior |
Sources: Bredekamp & Copple (1997); Gallahue & Ozmun (1998); V.F. Reyna & Farley (2006); Steinberg (2007); J.M. Tanner (1990); and Wechsler (2002, 2003).
Posted by: Elizabeth Gonzalez
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